Glutamate Pathway to Improve Neuroplasticity

Spravato(esketamine)
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ESK鼻噴劑誘發神經塑型

Glutamatergic Paradigm

  • NMDA 受體拮抗帶動 glutamate burst
  • 促進 AMPA activation 與 BDNF 釋放
  • 目標是突觸修復與神經可塑性
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傳統抗憂鬱單胺神經模式

Monoaminergic Paradigm

  • 主要調整 monoamine 訊號
  • 細胞外可用性增加後，臨床效果仍需時間
  • 常以 4-6 週觀察起始反應
GABA ESK鼻噴劑 Glutamate 突觸萎縮 (Synaptic Atrophy) Glutamate BDNF釋放 突觸可塑性↑ 修復突觸連結 (Restored Synaptic Connectivity) monoamine Monoamine receptor 單胺受體調節

Concept prototype based on supplied teaching slides. Key animation: press G to trigger glutamate/BDNF signaling, R to reset.

Glutamate Pathway to Improve Neuroplasticity

Spravato(esketamine)

BDNF release from first-in-class Spravato®
as NMDA receptor antagonist

Spravato® is postulated to act on NMDA receptors in the glutamate pathway, independent from monoaminergic pathways. This promotes BDNF release and enhances neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity.

Glutamate BDNF release AMPA activation Increase protein synthesis and synapse function Glutamate release

Dual MoA Strategy with Synaptic Stimulation

Used in conjunction with an antidepressant, synaptic stimulation can be explained visually as increased spine synapse number and protein synthesis after treatment.

Control treatment Glutamate receptor modulator Increased synaptic protein synthesis and spine synapse number detected within 24 hours post-treatment

Educational prototype adapted from supplied slides. Abbreviations: BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; NMDA, N-methyl-D-aspartate; AMPA, alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid.

點擊 / 空白鍵下一張；← → 換頁；G 播放 glutamate 動畫；R 重置